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Taoism, also known as Daoism, was one of the most important schools of thought in ancient China during the Spring and Autumn period (770-476 B.C.) and Warring States period (475-221 B.C.). Laozi (Lao Tzu), known as a great thinker, was the founding father of Taoism during the Spring and Autumn period.
Bozhou, in central China’s Anhui Province, is not only the birthplace of Taoist culture, but also the place of origin of prominent Taoists such as Laozi, Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu) and Chen Tuan.
The Academic Forum on Lao-Zhuang Thought and Coordinated Development was held in Bozhou from Aug. 18 to 20. The forum, which has been held three times since 2013, focuses on the academic frontiers of the philosophical thought of Laozi and Zhuangzi, exploring the enlightenment of the thought and its application to modern social development. The forum has become one of the most influential academic forums on the thought of Laozi and Zhuangzi in China.
Passing on Taoist Culture
Both Bozhou natives, Laozi and Zhuangzi inspired Chinese philosophy and explained the Dao, a multifaceted philosophical concept that has several interpretations. The most widely accepted interpretation is that of the Cosmic Dao, the Way of the cosmos, which is evident in nature. Another influential interpretation of Dao considers it to be the particular “way” of a thing or class of things. Laozi and Zhuangzi are now sometimes collectively known as “Lao-Zhuang”.
Taoism values liberty and emancipation of human nature. On one hand, emancipation refers to giving full play to the knowledge and ability of humans. On the other hand, emancipation means the liberation of a human’s state of mind in life. Laozi said that Dao requires humans to follow the ways of the earth, the earth to follow the rules of heaven and heaven to follow the ways of nature. Everything runs naturally, achieving the circle of life.
In the application of the Lao-Zhuang thought, Hua Tuo, a native of Bozhou and an ancient Chinese physician who lived during the late Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), created the “Five Animal Play” exercises — movements imitating five different animals. The five animals covered in the exercises are the tiger, the deer, the bear, the monkey and the bird. Regular practice of such exercises is said to improve the functioning of the internal organs.
Chen Tuan, also born in Bozhou, inherited and helped further Taoist doctrine and became a legendary Taoist sage, following in the footsteps of Laozi and Zhuangzi.
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